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| Registros recuperados: 22 | |
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| Loomis, John B.; Bell, Paul; Cooney, Helen; Asmus, Cheryl. |
| We estimate adults’ willingness to pay (WTP) to reduce health risks to their own or other families’ infants to test for altruism. A conjoint analysis of adults paying for bottled water found marginal WTP for reduction in risk of shock, brain damage, and mortality in the cash treatment of $2, $3.70, and $9.43, respectively. In the hypothetical market these amounts were $14, $26, and $66, indicating substantial hypothetical bias, although not unexpected due to the topic of infant health. Statistical tests confirm a high degree of altruism in our WTP results, and altruism held even when real money was involved. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Altruism; Conjoint; Drinking water; Nitrates; Validity; Willingness to pay; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; I10; Q53. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56657 |
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| Loomis, John B.; Asmus, Cheryl; Bell, Paul. |
| The objective of this research was to estimate adults' willingness to pay to reduce health risks to their or other families's infants, the latter to test for altruism. A choice experiment was conducted by having adults pay for bottled water for infants to reduce infants' exposure to nitrates in drinking water. Since nitrates only affect infants' health, we have isolated the adults' willingness to pay just for infants' health by buying bottled water to avoid infants' nitrate intake. Respondents were separated into two treatments, one with hypothetical choices, and the other where respondents were told that one of their four choices would be binding, and they would actually buy bottled water using money given to them at the beginning of the experiment.... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Altruism; Conjoint; Drinking water; Validity; Willingness to pay; Health Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9358 |
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| Crutchfield, Stephen R.; Cooper, Joseph C.; Hellerstein, Daniel. |
| Nitrates in drinking water, which may come from nitrogen fertilizers applied to crops, are a potential health risk. This report evaluates the potential benefits of reducing human exposure to nitrates in the drinking water supply. In a survey, respondents were asked a series of questions about their willingness to pay for a hypothetical water filter, which would reduce their risk of nitrate exposure. If nitrates in the respondent's drinking water were to exceed the EPA minimum safety standard, they would be willing to pay $45 to $60, per household, per month, to reduce nitrates in their drinking water to the minimum safety standard. There are 2.9 million households in the four regions studied (White River area of Indiana, Central Nebraska, Lower... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Water quality; Drinking water; Nitrates; Benefits; Contingent valuation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34025 |
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| Carvalho,Luciana R. de; Sant'Anna,Célia L.; Gemelgo,Marcina C.P.; Azevedo,Maria Teresa de P.. |
| Billings and Guarapiranga Reservoirs were deeply affected by environmental disturbances, which more evident consequence are the cyanobacterial blooms. Microcystins are the most common cyanotoxin in freshwaters and more than 70 types are known. Different methods for microcystins analysis in water can be used, among which ELISA and HPLC are the most frequently employed. However, less sophisticated and more economic methods can also be used. This is the case of planar chromatography (thin-layer chromatography) method previously used in cyanotoxins purification but gradually replaced by others. Posterior optimization of the microcystin chromatography conditions and because of its simplicity, rapidity, efficiency and low cost, this method is again considered an... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Cyanobacteria; Drinking water; Microcystins; Planar chromatography; Reservoirs. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-84042007000100014 |
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| Santa Cruz, L.; Castro, D.; Sardiñas, O.. |
| Como parte del proyecto de implementación de la dieta macrobiótica en Cuba se valoró la situación de una arcilla italiana, empleada para enriquecer al agua potable con sales minerales, por una cubana similar (bentonita natural de Managua tipo 1). La caracterización minerológica, química y granulométrica de ambas arcillas fue similar. Se estudió el efecto de tres concentraciones de arcilla cubana en agua potable (0,1; 0,5 y 1 %) después de 24 h. Este tratamiento incrementó significativamente las concentraciones de sodio, magnesio y hierro y disminuyó las de calcio, cinc y cobre en el agua; todos los elementos cumplieron con las normas vigentes de agua potable. |
| Tipo: Journal Contribution |
Palavras-chave: Clay minerals; Water; Minerals; Food; Diets; Drinking water. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5013 |
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| DE JULIO,MARCELO; DE JULIO,TATIANE S.; DI BERNARDO,LUIZ. |
| This work used Fenton's reagent as a coagulating agent in the treatment of water samples with high true colour caused by humic substances (HS) extracted from peat. In addition, the effects of the apparent molecular size of HS on coagulation, flocculation and flotation were studied. To that end, four distinct water samples having the same true colour were prepared using HS with different molecular sizes, which were obtained by ultrafiltration fractioning. Through optimisation of coagulant dosage and coagulation pH, as well as posterior construction of coagulation diagrams for each water sample, it was verified that the sample prepared with the smallest apparent molecular size of HS was the most difficult to treat, requiring higher coagulant (Fenton's... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Coagulation; DAF; Drinking water; Fenton's reagent; Humic substances; Molecular size. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000200833 |
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| Ribeiro,DA; Niemann,FS; Gatti,MSV; Lanna,MCS; Tsuji,T; Yano,T. |
| Enteric infections caused by the ingestion of contaminated water, especially by Escherichia coli, are important to define the virulence properties of these bacteria. Due to frequent infantile diarrhea in the city of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, the phenotypic and genotypic diarrheagenic properties of E. coli isolated from drinking water were studied. The culture supernatants of 39 (40%) among a total of 97 E. coli isolates from drinking water were positive by suckling mouse assay and induced cytotoxic effects on Vero cells. The enterotoxic and cytotoxic activities were present in the fraction with less than 10 kDa and were not lost when heated up to 60°C and 100°C for 30 minutes. PCR assays showed that among these 39 Vero cytotoxigenic E. coli,... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Escherichia coli; Drinking water; Cytotoxin; Enterotoxin. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992011000100014 |
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| Razzolini,Maria Tereza Pepe; Günther,Wanda Maria Risso; Peternella,Francisca Alzira dos Santos; Martone-Rocha,Solange; Bastos,Veridiana Karmann; Santos,Thaís Filomena da Silva; Cardoso,Maria Regina Alves. |
| The objective of this paper was to assess bacteriological quality of drinking water in a peri-urban area located in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 89 water samples were collected from community plastic tanks and 177 water samples from wells were collected bimonthly, from September 2007 to November 2008, for evaluating bacteriological parameters including: Escherichia coli, Enterococcus and heterotrophic plate count (HPC). Clostridium perfringens was investigated in a subsample (40 samples from community plastic tank and 40 from wells). E. coli was present in 5 (5.6%) samples from community plastic tanks (2.0 - 5.1x10(4) MPN/100mL) and in 70 (39.5%) well samples (2.0 - 8.6x10(4) MPN/100mL). Thus, these samples were not in... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Clostridium perfringens; Escherichia coli; Enterococcus; Peri-urban area; Drinking water. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822011000200021 |
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| Kivanc,Merih; Yilmaz,Meral; Demir,Filiz. |
| The occurrence of Aeromonas spp. in the Porsuk River, public drinking water and tap water in the City of Eskisehir (Turkey) was monitored. Fresh water samples were collected from several sampling sites during a period of one year. Total 102 typical colonies of Aeromonas spp. were submitted to biochemical tests for species differentiation and of 60 isolates were confirmed by biochemical tests. Further identifications of isolates were carried out first with the VITEK system (BioMerieux) and then selected isolates from different phenotypes (VITEK types) were identified using the DuPont Qualicon RiboPrinter® system. Aeromonas spp. was detected only in the samples from the Porsuk River. According to the results obtained with the VITEK system, our isolates were... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Aeromonas spp; Drinking water; River water; Tap water; Riboprinter. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822011000100016 |
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| Scoaris,Denise de Oliveira; Bizerra,Fernando Cezar; Yamada-Ogatta,Sueli Fumie; Abreu Filho,Benício Alves de; Ueda-Nakamura,Tânia; Nakamura,Celso Vataru; Dias Filho,Benedito Prado. |
| The aim of this work was to study the occurrence of Aeromonas sp in the bottled mineral water, well water and tap water from the municipal supplies. Positive samples were found for Aeromonas spp. 12.7% from the mineral water, 8.3% from the artesian water and 6.5% from the tap water. The recovery of Aeromonas spp. was significantly higher in the bottled mineral and artesian water than in the tap water from municipal supplies. The occurrence of the Aeromonas spp. did not correlate significantly with the contamination indicator bacteria (i.e. total coliforms) in the artesian water samples. However, a significant correlation was found between Aeromonas spp. and total coliforms in the both mineral water and tap water samples. The presence or absence of a... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Aeromonas; Drinking water; Indicator bacteria; Coliforms. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132008000500022 |
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| Registros recuperados: 22 | |
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